Some 90% of Sea Salt Is Contaminated With Microplastics

From an Article by Julia Conley, Common Dreams, EcoWatch.com, October 18, 2018

A year after researchers at a New York university discovered microplastics present in sea salt thanks to widespread plastic pollution, researchers in South Korea set out to find out how pervasive the problem is—and found that 90 percent of salt brands commonly used in homes around the world contain the tiny pieces of plastic.

The new research, published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology, suggests that the average adult ingests about 2,000 microplastics per year due to the presence of plastics in the world’s oceans and lakes.

Examining 39 brands sold in 21 countries, researchers at Incheon National University and Greenpeace East Asia found microplastics in 36 of them. The three table salts that did not contain the substance were sold in France, Taiwan and China—but Asia overall was the site of some of the worst plastic pollution.

The study “shows us that microplastics are ubiquitous,” Sherri Mason, who conducted last year’s salt study at the State University of New York at Fredonia, told National Geographic. “It’s not a matter of if you are buying sea salt in England, you are safe.”

Greenpeace East Asia found a strong link between the level of plastic pollution in a given part of the world and the amount of microplastics people in those regions are inadvertently ingesting each year.

“The findings suggest that human ingestion of microplastics via marine products is strongly related to emissions in a given region,” Seung-Kyu Kim, a co-author of the study, told National Geographic.

Nat Geo Travel put it succinctly:

Indonesia, it was found in an unrelated 2015 study, has the world’s second-highest level of plastic pollution. The researchers in South Korea discovered that the country’s table salt brands also contain the most microplastics.

“That fact that they found higher counts in Asia is interesting. While not surprising, you still have to have the data,” Mason said. “The earlier studies found traces of microplastics in salt products sold in those countries, but we haven’t known how much.”

Erik Solheim, the executive director of the United Nations Environmental Program, called the study “more evidence of the frightening proliferation of plastic pollution”—and expressed hope that studies like this one would encourage more governments and companies around the world to sharply reduce their use of plastics.

Natural Fine Salt for Specialty Meals

Fine Brine From Appalachia: The Fancy Mountain Salt That Chefs Prize

PHOTO: Nancy Bruns, CEO of J.Q. Dickinson Salt-Works, gathers fine salt from an evaporation table in Malden, WV

From an Article by Noah Adams, NPR, WV Public Broadcasting, November 25, 2015

Thanksgiving feasts are always in need of something special. Can a sprinkle of artisanal salt noticeably pump up the experience? Let’s meet a new Appalachian salt-maker in West Virginia and find out.

J.Q. Dickinson Salt-Works is nestled in the Kanawha River Valley, just southeast of the capital city of Charleston in the small town of Malden (not to be confused with Maldon, a sea salt brand from the U.K.). It’s mostly pasture land, with cows nearby.

Amid the livestock, there’s a new, small — you could call it micro — salt works. ”This is our well, in the field over here. It goes down 350 feet,” Nancy Bruns, CEO of J.Q. Dickinson Salt-Works, says.

The wellhead is simple, white and about 2 feet high. It took a couple of weeks to drill, and then came the salty water. ”It did gush; it absolutely did gush. We went through a lot of fresh water on the way down. And we all had cups, we were tasting it on the way down, and I just said no, keep drilling, it’s not salty yet.”

She’s a seventh-generation descendant of salt workers who started the original J.Q. Dickinson Salt-Works in 1817. This is a revival of that company.

Long ago, when the mountains rose up, an ancient ocean went underground. But some of it stayed near the surface. The pioneers needed salt and the meatpackers in Cincinnati did, too. There was only one choice: drill deep. Fifty companies did, burning timber and coal to evaporate the water. Slaves were brought in for much of the labor. It was a big, noisy, extractive industry.

At the new Dickinson Salt-Works, an almost-worn-out electric pump is the only real industry. There are two large and peaceful greenhouses — here they call them sunhouses. ”It gets up to around 150 degrees here in the summer,” Megan Parker, the operations manager, says.

Megan Parker is happy to be using sunlight instead of burning fossil fuels.

The salt water is stored in large trays lined with black polyethylene. You can see the beginning of white salt crystals — they’re in graceful, almost mystical patterns.

“It is magic. It’s my favorite part of the process, to see a bed that, like this on our right, that’s completely clear, clear liquid, and then the next day you come in and you start to see these beautiful crystals forming,” Bruns says.

Finished salt crystals are spread out on an evaporation table before being raked and packaged. A 3.5-ounce jar of finished salt from J.Q. Dickinson is shown in the original Article.

Bruns uses a wooden rake to gather finished salt crystals into a pile. Her company will produce about 10,000 pounds this year to be dried, sorted, put in small jars and shipped out to top restaurants like The French Laundry in northern California, Husk in Charleston, S.C., and Woodberry Kitchen in Baltimore.

“I think of salt as like wine, so the minerality of our salt is different from the minerality of any other salt, kind of like a pinot noir grown in California is different from a pinot noir grown in France. Could be exactly the same vine but because of the earth that it’s grown in it gives you a different flavor,” Bruns says.

A suggestion from the expert salt-maker for your holiday feast? Whisk up some dark caramel sauce, sprinkle away and approach cautiously with a small spoon.

WARNING — Don’t try this with toxic Marcellus brine.  Actually, fracking activities would very likely contaminate the naturally occurring salt veins overlaying drilled and fracked shale deposits. These issues have arisen with the brine wells of the Axiall chemical plant at Natrium in Marshall County, WV, where Gastar has drilled and fracked in the Marcellus shale.